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Report

Family Structure, a Key Factor Hidden in Plain Sight: The Case for Federal Reporting in Education

American Enterprise Institute

July 24, 2026

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Key Points
• The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) collects family structure data but fails to report them.
• Family structure is an important factor in student success. In this new analysis of the National Survey of Children’s Health, it is as or more predictive of key outcomes—such as fewer behavioral problems, higher grades, and lower rates of depression—than race, family income, and student sex.
• NAEP should regularly report family structure data to enable policymakers, educators, parents and the general public to better understand factors affecting student outcomes.

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